Collectors are captivated with emerald. This uncommon and unique gem is also referred to as "green fire". Colombia is the major source of emerald.
This South American country is one of the most unsafe and unsteady locations worldwide. The two most famous mining areas are Muzo and Chivor. Muzo is found 100 kilometers north of Bogota. The district is hot and damp, and it regularly rains. Muzo and Cosquez are the major mines right here. Emeralds are found in black calcium-rich shale. Most of the stones from these mines are heavily included.

Chivor, which is northeast of Bogota, is in a rugged, virtually inaccessible topography with thick, forest plants. The two significant mines of this area are Chivor and Gachala. Chivor mine sits 2300 meters above sea level on a mountainside. Chivor was initially mined by the Chibcha Indians and emerald was traded from the Andes to Mexico until the mine was lost. Chivor was found in 1896. In this area the rock is black shale and sandstone.
Which mine is much better for collectors? The terms Muzo and Chivor are frequently made use of in the trade, not a lot to identify the specific source of a gem, but rather to to explain the qualities of the emerald. "Muzo" is made use of to describe a warm, grass-green emerald, with yellow being the secondary color. "Chivor" stones resemble the pine trees of Washington state, with blue being the secondary color. Particular collectors and dealers argue about which color is the best, however it is truly an issue of personal choice. In top colors both types of these emeralds are extremely desirable and pricey.
Emeralds are very consisted of compared to most gems. Inclusions that would not be acceptable in ruby and sapphire are acceptable in emerald. The conclusive identifier for Colombian emerald is the three-phase addition; strong, liquid, and gas. Despite the fact that the gem is normally mined with eye-visible introductions (even at the collector level), emerald is the most popular colored gem in America.
Most likely 98 % of all emerald found would be graded Heavily Included. A lot of collectors seek strictly Colombian emeralds. They spend decades buying the finest green and cleanest stones available.

Occasionally, Brazilian and African emeralds are found that look exactly like Colombian emerald. If you are an emerald connoisseur, these gems make sense to collect. You can purchase African emerald if you have a moderate budget. As a basic guideline these gems are cleaner than Colombian emeralds however have a touch of black and gray colors. They trade at a 50 % price cut to Colombian stones. If you are on a restricted budget, sometimes Brazil produces nice stones at about 1/2 the cost of Colombians. As a basic policy, Brazilian emeralds are green/black in appearance.
Commercial quality Colombian emeralds can easily range from $500-$2500 per carat for one carat stones. High precious jewelry quality ranges from $2500-$5000 per carat. Gem, one carat emeralds range between $5000-$10,000 per carat. The finest color, 4 carat or bigger Colombian emeralds can easy bring $20,000 per carat. A 10 carat, gem emerald can exceed $50,000 per carat. Add 50-100 % to these figures if an emerald is AGL certified.
Around 99 % of all emeralds are treated. The same as the heating of ruby and sapphire, this is completely appropriate. Emeralds have been oiled for centuries. Clear oil is forced into surface-breaking additions, consequently reducing the presence of additions. Oiled stones have the tendency to fluoresce a pale yellow. A new therapy for emeralds is opticon. Some dealers contend opticoned emeralds have a better finish, are more long lasting, and the therapy is long-lasting. Opticoning uses the exact same theory as oil, but introductions are filled with a thick epoxy instead of oil. The stones are sealed with a thin coat. A brand new treatment was introduced in 1997 called Gematrat. They state that their filler "de-emphasizes" the exposure of fractures however does not hide them. Suffice to state, if you collect emeralds, you need to understand they are most likely dealt with in some fashion.